Training course · RAG & LLM Applications · Data Engineering

RAG & LLM Applications for Data Engineers

Develop RAG and LLM applications: embeddings, vector databases, chunking, retrieval, evaluation, cost control and data protection.

Duration
2 days (14 hrs)
Format
Online or on-site
Language
German or English
Participants
open dates or exclusive for your team
Certificate
Certificate of attendance

Overview

This course connects RAG & LLM Applications with the everyday processes of Data Engineering. Participants work on realistic scenarios and leave with prompts, workflows and checklists they can use straight away.

Retrieval-augmented generation connects language models to your own knowledge: manuals, contracts, tickets, wikis or product data are made searchable and handed to the model as context at runtime. The result is assistants that give grounded answers with citations instead of hallucinating. In this two-day course you build a complete RAG pipeline, from document preparation through embeddings and a vector database to answer generation, and you learn which levers actually determine quality.

Day two takes you from prototype to robust application. You compare chunking strategies, combine semantic and lexical search, apply reranking, metadata filters and query rewriting, and measure the effect with systematic evaluations. You also cover prompt caching, cost control, latency optimisation, document-level access control and privacy-compliant operation with an eye on GDPR and the EU AI Act. By the end you know when classic RAG is enough, when a large context window or agentic retrieval is the better option, and how to justify your architecture choices.

Data engineers build and run the pipelines that reporting, analytics and AI applications depend on: ingestion from source systems, transformations in dbt or Spark, orchestration with Airflow or Dagster, and data quality and governance in the warehouse or lakehouse. Much of the work involves SQL, Python, YAML and a great deal of detailed knowledge about schemas and dependencies. AI coding assistants and agents accelerate this work considerably: they write dbt models with tests and documentation, optimise slow queries, create Airflow DAGs, migrate legacy ETL and explain complex lineage. Because data is often sensitive, handling schemas, sample data and credentials responsibly is at the heart of this course.

The course is delivered live – either online in a virtual classroom or on-site in our training rooms in Munich, Salzburg, Berlin, Augsburg, Hanover, Bremen, Stuttgart and Kaiserslautern. We can also run it exclusively for your team.

Who is this course for?

  • Data engineers and analytics engineers
  • BI developers responsible for ETL and the data warehouse
  • Platform teams running lakehouse and streaming infrastructure
  • Developers modernising legacy ETL processes

Typical challenges we address

  • Ageing ETL built on stored procedures or proprietary tools with no tests
  • Slow, expensive queries and inefficient Spark jobs
  • Missing data quality checks and unclear ownership of datasets
  • Patchy documentation of data models, lineage and business logic

What you will be able to do

  • You build a complete RAG pipeline from document preparation to answers with citations.
  • You choose embedding model, chunking strategy and vector database on solid grounds.
  • You improve retrieval quality with hybrid search, reranking and metadata filters.
  • You measure application quality with systematic evaluations and detect regressions.
  • Use AI agents productively for dbt models, pipelines and SQL optimisation.
  • Modernise legacy ETL with AI support and safeguard results with reconciliation tests.
  • Protect sensitive data by working with schemas, synthetic samples and minimal access rights.

Course outline

Day 1

Module 1 Foundations of RAG and LLM applications
  • Anatomy of a RAG pipeline: ingestion, indexing, retrieval, generation
  • Understanding embeddings: semantic similarity, dimensions, model selection
  • Weighing RAG against fine-tuning and long context windows
  • Structured outputs, citations and dealing with hallucinations
Module 2 Document preparation and chunking
  • Reliably extracting PDFs, Office documents, HTML and tables
  • Chunking strategies: fixed size, structure-aware, semantic, with overlap
  • Enriching metadata and generating contextual summaries per chunk
  • Incremental updates and deletion of documents in the index
Module 3 Vector databases and retrieval strategies
  • Comparing vector databases and extensions such as pgvector, Qdrant, Weaviate or OpenSearch
  • Hybrid search combining vector and full-text search with BM25
  • Reranking, metadata filtering and query rewriting
  • Agentic retrieval: letting the model decide on search steps and tools
Module 4 Evaluation and quality assurance
  • Building and maintaining test sets from real user questions
  • Retrieval metrics such as recall and precision, and answer metrics such as faithfulness
  • Using and calibrating LLM-as-a-judge sensibly
  • Regression testing when chunking, model or prompt changes

Day 2

Module 5 Operations, cost and data protection
  • Prompt caching, batch processing and model choice to cut costs
  • Optimising latency and streaming responses
  • Document-level permissions, tenant isolation and protection against prompt injection
  • Data protection: data residency, processing agreements, deletion policies, GDPR and the EU AI Act
Module 6 Practice lab: Data Engineering
  • dbt models with tests
  • Optimising SQL queries
  • Airflow and Dagster pipelines
  • Migrating legacy ETL
  • Automating data quality
  • Analysing Spark jobs
Module 7 Data protection, quality & transfer to daily work
  • Data engineering prompts should contain schemas and synthetic sample data rather than real personal records, and database credentials or connection strings must stay out of context. Apply GDPR principles such as purpose limitation and data minimisation, document data flows transparently and check new Python packages and connectors for licensing and supply-chain risk.
  • Ground rules for safe AI use in your team
  • Checking results: facts, sources, tests and the four-eyes principle
  • Personal action plan for the next 30 days
  • Open questions, outlook and resources for further learning

Practical scenarios from your field

dbt models with tests

The agent writes staging, intermediate and mart models in dbt, adds schema tests, source definitions and descriptions, and runs dbt build iteratively until models and tests pass.

Optimising SQL queries

The AI analyses execution plans, spots expensive joins and missing partitioning or clustering, and rewrites queries so they scan less data and run measurably faster.

Airflow and Dagster pipelines

Requirements become DAGs or assets with a clean dependency structure, retries, sensors, alerting and backfill support, along with tests for the transformation logic. Existing naming conventions are respected.

Migrating legacy ETL

Stored procedures or graphical ETL jobs are analysed, the business logic documented and moved step by step into dbt or PySpark code, safeguarded by reconciliation queries comparing old and new.

Automating data quality

The assistant defines checks for completeness, uniqueness, value ranges and freshness, implements them with dbt tests or Great Expectations and sets up notifications for violations.

Analysing Spark jobs

Spark UI information and logs are interpreted, skew, shuffles and memory issues identified and optimisations such as broadcast joins, repartitioning or caching proposed. Every optimisation is backed by runtime comparisons.

Possible hands-on projects

Data quality dashboard

A small web app that reads results from dbt tests or data quality checks and presents trends, outliers and affected tables at a glance.

Ingestion pipeline for a REST API

A Python pipeline that loads data incrementally from an API, detects schema changes and writes the results as partitioned tables to the lakehouse.

Lineage explorer

A tool that parses the dbt manifest and displays dependencies between sources, models and dashboards as an interactive graph. The impact of changes becomes visible at a glance.

Prerequisites

Solid programming skills in Python (or TypeScript as an alternative), basic knowledge of databases and REST APIs, and some experience with LLM APIs. Confident SQL and Python skills plus practical experience with a data warehouse, dbt, Spark or an orchestration tool.

Technical requirements

A laptop with Python, Git, Docker and a code editor, plus API access to at least one LLM and embedding provider. Credentials for the exercises can be provided if needed.

Data protection & compliance

Data engineering prompts should contain schemas and synthetic sample data rather than real personal records, and database credentials or connection strings must stay out of context. Apply GDPR principles such as purpose limitation and data minimisation, document data flows transparently and check new Python packages and connectors for licensing and supply-chain risk.

Suggested dates

All dates are suggestions – your preferred date is always possible.

  • Wed, 25 November 2026 – Thu, 26 November 2026 Online Request
  • Tue, 8 December 2026 – Wed, 9 December 2026 Salzburg Request
  • Tue, 15 December 2026 – Wed, 16 December 2026 Online Request
  • Tue, 12 January 2027 – Wed, 13 January 2027 Bremen Request
  • Mon, 25 January 2027 – Tue, 26 January 2027 Online Request
  • Tue, 9 February 2027 – Wed, 10 February 2027 Augsburg Request

Frequently asked questions

When is RAG better than fine-tuning?

RAG is the right choice when a model needs access to current, extensive or frequently changing knowledge and should cite its sources. Fine-tuning mainly changes style, format or specialised behaviour. In many projects RAG is the faster, cheaper and more controllable route, sometimes complemented by fine-tuning for niche tasks.

Which vector database should we use?

That depends on data volume, existing infrastructure, filtering needs and operating model. If you already run PostgreSQL, pgvector often takes you a long way, while specialised systems shine with large datasets and hybrid search. In the course you compare several options hands-on and derive criteria for your own decision.

How can RAG be run in a GDPR-compliant way?

Key factors are choosing providers with suitable data residency and a data processing agreement, enforcing document-level permissions, having a deletion policy for the index and logs, and minimising personal data. For highly sensitive data, self-hosted models are also an option. We work through these choices using realistic architectures.

Does the AI need access to our production data?

No, and it usually makes little sense. For the vast majority of tasks, schemas, metadata, execution plans and synthetic sample data are sufficient. On the course you learn to give the agent exactly this context, restrict read access to development environments and still obtain reliable results.

Will this work with our data warehouse?

The working methods are platform-independent and apply equally to Snowflake, BigQuery, Databricks, Redshift, Synapse or PostgreSQL. What matters is telling the assistant about the SQL dialect and platform specifics such as partitioning or clustering. We show you how to capture this in instruction files.

How much does “RAG & LLM Applications for Data Engineers” cost?

The course costs a flat €949 plus VAT per participant – whether online or on-site. This includes 2 training day(s) with a live trainer, course materials, a lab environment and a certificate of attendance.

Can I suggest my own date?

Yes. Our suggested dates are just a guide. In the request form you can always describe your preferred date or period in free text – we check availability and confirm within one working day.

Is the course online or on-site?

Both are possible: live online in a virtual classroom or on-site in Munich, Salzburg, Berlin, Augsburg, Hanover, Bremen, Stuttgart or Kaiserslautern. We can also run the course exclusively for your team.

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